Multi-Sensor Mapping¶
2021¶
R3LIVE: A Robust, Real-time, RGB-colored, LiDAR-Inertial-Visual tightly-coupled state Estimation and mapping package
FAST-LIO2 + VIO.
LVI-SAM: Tightly-coupled Lidar-Visual-Inertial Odometry via Smoothing and Mapping
(looks similar to V-LOAM + IMU) optimization with the following factors (with two system) :
- Use lidar information in VINS (difference compared to VINS)
- use lidar odometry pose for vins initialization
- project lidar cloud to get vio feature depth neighbor pts model a plane,
- feature depth in vins is anchored by the first observation. so here depth from lidar also valid only for first observation.
- in marginalization if the marginalized pt has lidar depth, move its flags to the next.
- set depth constant if has lidar depth.
- Use vision in VIO-SAM (difference compared to VIO-SAM)
- use visual loop detection result as lidar loop candidate (to further process ICP).
- use VINS pose as initial pose for lidar registration.
2020¶
CamVox, Lidar visual mapping using livox.
- Livox generate dense lidar cloud, match visual edge with lidar intensity image edge for extrinsic parameters calibration.
- IMU for lidar un-distortion.
- Run ORBSLAM2 RGBD pipeline.
Augmenting Visual Place Recognition with Structural Cues
Use both image (e.g. NetVLAD 2016) and 3d cloud (e.g.
PointNetVLAD 2018) encoders.
Stereo Localization in LiDAR Maps .
Localize stereo camera in pre-built lidar map.
- Using ZED stereo camera, opencv (StereoSGBM and DisparityWLSFilter) to compute depth image.
- Registration using Nelder-Mead method .
RGB2LIDAR: Towards Solving Large-Scale Cross-Modal Visual Localization <https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.05695>
DL match rgb image and depth image (from lidar cloud)
Lidar-Monocular Visual Odometry using Point and Line Features
(loosely coupled)
- image -> point feature (ORB), line feature (LSD) -> project lidar to estimat depth -> odometry -> local BA current pose and landmarks.
- ICP relative pose factors.
- Global BA using ICP factors, ORB factors, LSD factors.
LIC-Fusion 2.0: LiDAR-Inertial-Camera Odometry with Sliding-Window Plane-Feature Tracking Tracking planes in the sliding window.
2019¶
CMRNet: Camera to LiDAR-Map Registration.
Project a depth into plane (from an initial pose guess), CMRNet use RGB and depth as input, output 2D correspondings for each depth value.
Finally PnP-RANSAC for pose estimation.
2018¶
LIMO: Lidar-Monocular Visual Odometry
- Depth estiamtion : project lidar into image -> estimate local plane (select local range, foreground segmentation) -> check the depth.
- Visual Odometry, global BA.
2017¶
DSAC Differentiable RANSAC. replace non-differentiable parts of
RANSAC algorithm with approximated differentiable parts (by soft argmax and probabilistic selection).
Then make a deep learning DSAC. (As I understand, RANSAC is mathematically proved, I don’t understand how its accuracy can be improved).
Lidar Image¶
we normally have two types of systems :
- lidar based : camera pose as initial estimation and as constrain. I personal perfer this one, since our system is generally lidar based. * project lidar to camera, and form a vio odometry system. It wastes lots of calculation, I don’t think it is necessary to maintain two slam system. * project camera information to lidar pts, to form lidar pts constrain. This seems more reasonable to me.
- camera based : lidar project to camera to offer depth